of the universe is identical to the sum of all the individual volumes r3—then the entire universe is subjected to the second law. There is no fallacy in moving from each part of the universe to the whole universe. It is up to the objector to specify some region of the universe where the second law does not apply. If there is no such region, then each and every volume of the universe and all the physical entities contained in those volumes are subject to the second law.
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